More Americans now say data centers are negative for the environment, energy costs and more

Americans have grown more negative toward the possible environmental and economic effects of data centers since the beginning of the year. And a majority say they’d be uncomfortable if a new data center started operating in their area, according to a new Pew Research Center survey.

Topic	Jan ’26	Aug ’26
The environment	39	54
Home energy costs	38	50
People’s quality of life nearby	30	49
Local jobs	15	24
Local tax revenue	12	21

The survey comes as protests against new data center construction have spread, and as some state and local politicians have spoken out against data centers. Meanwhile, President Donald Trump has been a vocal supporter of data centers.

More than half of Americans (54%) now say data centers are mostly bad for the environment, up from 39% in January. Half say they are mostly bad for home energy costs, up from 38%. And 49% say they are mostly bad for people’s quality of life nearby, up from 30%. The new survey was conducted from July 20 to Aug. 9 among 10,548 U.S. adults.

Just 4% of Americans think data centers have a mostly good impact in each of these areas.

Views on how data centers impact local tax revenue and jobs are mixed. Similar shares (between 21% and 24%) say data centers are mostly good and mostly bad for these things.

Since January, there have been increases of 9 percentage points in the shares of Americans who say data centers are mostly bad for local jobs (from 15% to 24%) and local tax revenue (from 12% to 21%).

Many Americans are still unsure or unfamiliar with data centers altogether. Shares ranging from 18% to 32% say they are not sure how data centers impact the five things we asked about. And overall, 12% say they haven’t heard of data centers.

Jump to the following sections for more:

About this research

This Pew Research Center analysis looks at how Americans’ views of data centers have changed since the beginning of 2026.

Why did we do this?

Pew Research Center does research to help the public, media and decision-makers understand important topics. This analysis builds on our recent work about technology policy issues and artificial intelligence.

Learn more about Pew Research Center.

How did we do this?

We surveyed 10,548 U.S. adults from July 20 to Aug. 9, 2026. Everyone who took part in this survey is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel. The survey represents the views of the full U.S. adult population.

Here are the survey questions we used for this analysis, the detailed responses and the survey methodology.

Views of data centers have become more negative across groups

Americans in a variety of demographic and partisan subgroups have become more negative in their views of data centers. Men and women alike, as well as adults across age groups and education levels, have become more likely since January to say data centers have a mostly bad impact on the things we asked about.

Group	Jan ’26	Aug ’26	Diff
U.S. adults	39	54	+15
Men	43	57	+14
Women	35	52	+17
18-29	54	64	+10
30-49	44	59	+15
50-64	35	51	+16
65+	26	42	+16
Postgrad	52	66	+14
College grad	51	65	+14
Some college	40	56	+16
H.S. degree or less	28	41	+13
Urban	41	51	+10
Suburban	43	58	+15
Rural	32	50	+18
Rep/Lean Rep	31	47	+16
Dem/Lean Dem	50	62	+12

For example, rural Americans have become more likely to say data centers are mostly bad for the environment (from 32% in January to 50% in August), home energy costs (32% to 46%) and the quality of people living nearby (28% to 45%). Most data centers currently being planned or under development will be in rural areas. Americans in urban and suburban areas have also become more likely to say data centers areas are mostly bad for these things.

As was the case earlier this year, Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents are more likely than Republicans and Republican leaners to view the impacts of data centers negatively. Still, Republicans’ views have also turned more negative: In the new survey, for example, 42% say the facilities are mostly bad for the quality of life of people nearby, up from 24% in January.

Republican elected officials have staked out varying positions on data centers. While Trump has consistently supported their construction in his second term, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott previously supported expansion but issued a statewide moratorium on new data centers in August.

Some Democrats, such as Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro and Illinois Gov. JB Pritzker, have also recently shifted their positions to support additional rules and oversight on data center construction and operation.

Changing partisan views about impact on local jobs and tax revenue

Among Democrats and Republicans alike, views on the effects of data centers on local jobs and tax revenue are somewhat more negative than they were at the start of the year. But many people in both partisan groups either say that they’re not sure or that the effects are neither good nor bad.

More Democrats now say the effects of data centers in these two areas are mostly bad than mostly good. Liberal Democrats have primarily driven this shift: For example, 34% of liberals now say data centers are mostly bad for local tax revenue, up from 19% in January.

More Republicans continue to say the effects of data centers on local jobs and tax revenue are mostly good than mostly bad. Still, Republicans are now 7 percentage points more likely than in January to say the effects in both areas are mostly bad.

A majority of Americans would be uncomfortable with a new local data center

	Extremely/ Very	Somewhat	Not too/Not at all	Have not heard of data centers	Grouping
Total	7	19	60	12	total
Urban	7	20	57	14	urban
Suburban	7	20	63	9	urban
Rural	6	18	60	14	urban
Rep/Lean Rep	10	24	54	11	party
Conservative	12	25	54	9	party
Mod/Lib	7	22	55	15	party
Dem/Lean Dem	4	16	68	10	party
Cons/Mod	6	22	58	14	party
Liberal	3	10	81	5	party
Heard a lot	11	16	73		heard
Heard a little	6	26	66		heard

The new survey also finds that 60% of Americans say they would be not too or at all comfortable with a new data center operating in their area.

Much smaller shares say they would be somewhat comfortable (19%) or extremely or very comfortable (7%) with this.

Just over half of Republicans (54%) and about two-thirds of Democrats (68%) say they’d be not too or not at all comfortable with a new local data center. Liberal Democrats stand out, with 81% saying they’d be uncomfortable.

Majorities of urban, suburban and rural Americans say they would be not too or not at all comfortable with a new data center in their area.

Awareness of data centers continues to grow

	A lot	A little	Nothing at all
Aug ’26	35	53	12
Jan ’26	25	50	25

Americans are more aware of data centers than they were earlier in the year. The share of Americans who say they have heard or read a lot about them has increased from 25% in January to 35% today. About nine-in-ten adults (88%) have now heard at least a little about data centers.

As was the case in January, awareness of data centers is higher among men than women, and higher among people with at least a bachelor’s degree than those with less education.

Note: Here are the survey questions we used for this analysis, the detailed responses and the survey methodology.

Detailed tables

The detailed tables below provide additional information about how Americans’ views of data centers have shifted since the beginning of 2026.

How Americans’ views of data centers have changed in 2026

% of U.S. adults who say data centers are __ for each of the following things

	Mostly bad	Neither good nor bad	Mostly good	Not sure	Have not heard of data centers
The environment
Aug 2026	54	12	4	18	12
Jan 2026	39	14	4	17	25
Home energy costs
Aug 2026	50	10	4	23	12
Jan 2026	38	10	6	21	25
People’s quality of life nearby
Aug 2026	49	13	4	21	12
Jan 2026	30	17	6	22	25
Local jobs
Aug 2026	24	19	22	23	12
Jan 2026	15	17	25	17	25
Local tax revenue
Aug 2026	21	12	22	32	12
Jan 2026	12	12	23	27	25

Note: Respondents who did not answer are not shown.

Survey of U.S. adults conducted July 20-Aug. 9, 2026.

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Views of data centers have turned more negative across demographic and partisan groups in the U.S.

% who say data centers are mostly bad for …

	The environment		Home energy costs		People’s quality of life nearby		Local jobs		Local tax revenue
	Jan ’26	Aug ’26	Jan ’26	Aug ’26	Jan ’26	Aug ’26	Jan ’26	Aug ’26	Jan ’26	Aug ’26
Total	39	54	38	50	30	49	15	24	12	21
Men	43	57	46	56	33	51	16	25	14	23
Women	35	52	29	44	27	47	13	22	10	19
Ages 18-29	54	64	45	61	42	59	23	37	19	35
30-49	44	59	41	53	34	53	18	28	14	25
50-64	35	51	36	47	27	46	10	19	10	15
65+	26	42	28	40	19	37	7	14	6	13
Postgrad	52	66	50	60	36	55	12	20	10	18
HS or less	28	41	25	39	21	37	13	21	11	20
Some college	40	56	38	52	32	51	17	27	14	23
College grad	51	65	50	60	40	59	16	26	13	23
Urban	41	51	38	48	33	46	18	25	15	22
Suburban	43	58	40	54	30	52	13	24	12	22
Rural	32	50	32	46	28	45	14	22	10	20
Rep/Lean Rep	31	47	33	44	24	42	12	19	10	17
Dem/Lean Dem	50	62	44	58	37	57	18	29	15	25
Heard a lot about data centers	63	73	67	72	51	68	26	35	23	32
Heard a little about data centers	48	54	42	47	35	47	16	22	13	19

Note: Respondents who did not answer are not shown.

Source: Survey of U.S. adults conducted July 20-Aug. 9, 2026.

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

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