Demographics of Social Media Users and Adoption in the United States

Many Americans use social media to connect with one another, engage with news content, share information and entertain themselves. Explore the patterns and trends shaping the social media landscape.

To better understand Americans’ social media use, Pew Research Center surveyed 5,733 U.S. adults from May 19 to Sept. 5, 2023. Ipsos conducted this National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS) for the Center using address-based sampling and a multimode protocol that included both web and mail. This way nearly all U.S. adults have a chance of selection. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race and ethnicity, education and other categories.

Polls from 2000 to 2021 were conducted via phone. For more on this mode shift, read our Q&A.

Here are the questions used for this analysis, along with responses, and its methodology.

A note on terminology: Our May-September 2023 survey was already in the field when Twitter changed its name to “X.” The terms Twitter and X are both used in this report to refer to the same platform.

YouTube and Facebook are the most-widely used online platforms. About half of U.S. adults say they use Instagram, and smaller shares use sites or apps such as TikTok, LinkedIn, Twitter (X) and BeReal.

Which social media platforms are most popular

% of U.S. adults who say they ever use …

Year	YouTube	Facebook	Instagram	Pinterest	TikTok	LinkedIn	WhatsApp	Snapchat	Twitter (X)	Reddit	BeReal	Nextdoor
8/5/2012		54%	9%	10%		16%			13%
8/7/2012									14%
12/9/2012			11%	13%					13%
12/16/2012		57%
5/19/2013									15%
7/14/2013									16%
9/16/2013		57%	14%	17%		17%			14%
9/30/2013									16%
1/26/2014									16%
9/21/2014		58%	21%	22%		23%			19%
4/12/2015		62%	24%	26%		22%			20%
4/4/2016		68%	28%	26%		25%			21%
1/10/2018	73%	68%	35%	29%		25%	22%	27%	24%
2/7/2019	73%	69%	37%	28%		27%	20%	24%	22%	11%
2/8/2021	81%	69%	40%	31%	21%	28%	23%	25%	23%	18%		13%
9/5/2023	83%	68%	47%	35%	33%	30%	29%	27%	22%	22%	3%

Note: The vertical line indicates a change in mode. Polls from 2012-2021 were conducted via phone. In 2023, the poll was conducted via web and mail. For more details on this shift, please read our Q&A. Refer to the topline for more information on how question wording varied over the years. Pre-2018 data is not available for YouTube, Snapchat or WhatsApp; pre-2019 data is not available for Reddit; pre-2021 data is not available for TikTok; pre-2023 data is not available for BeReal. Respondents who did not give an answer are not shown.

Source: Surveys of U.S. adults conducted 2012-2023.

PEW RESEARCH CENTER

Usage of the major online platforms varies by factors such as age, gender and level of formal education.

% of U.S. adults who say they ever use __ by …

	Ages 18-29	30-49	50-64	65+
Facebook	67	75	69	58
Instagram	78	59	35	15
LinkedIn	32	40	31	12
Twitter (X)	42	27	17	6
Pinterest	45	40	33	21
Snapchat	65	30	13	4
YouTube	93	92	83	60
WhatsApp	32	38	29	16
Reddit	44	31	11	3
TikTok	62	39	24	10
BeReal	12	3	1	<1